a:5:{s:8:"template";s:7781:"<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" name="viewport"/>
<title>{{ keyword }}</title>
<style rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">@media screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio:0){@font-face{font-family:Genericons;src:url(Genericons.svg#Genericons) format("svg")}}html{font-family:sans-serif;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;-ms-text-size-adjust:100%}body{margin:0}footer,header,nav{display:block}a{background-color:transparent}button{color:inherit;font:inherit;margin:0}button{overflow:visible}button{max-width:100%}button{-webkit-appearance:button;cursor:pointer}button::-moz-focus-inner{border:0;padding:0}.menu-item-has-children a:after{-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;display:inline-block;font-family:Genericons;font-size:16px;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:400;line-height:1;speak:none;text-align:center;text-decoration:inherit;text-transform:none;vertical-align:top}body,button{color:#1a1a1a;font-family:Merriweather,Georgia,serif;font-size:16px;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.75}p{margin:0 0 1.75em}html{-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box}*,:after,:before{-webkit-box-sizing:inherit;-moz-box-sizing:inherit;box-sizing:inherit}body{background:#1a1a1a}ul{margin:0 0 1.75em 1.25em;padding:0}ul{list-style:disc}::-webkit-input-placeholder{color:#686868;font-family:Montserrat,"Helvetica Neue",sans-serif}:-moz-placeholder{color:#686868;font-family:Montserrat,"Helvetica Neue",sans-serif}::-moz-placeholder{color:#686868;font-family:Montserrat,"Helvetica Neue",sans-serif;opacity:1}:-ms-input-placeholder{color:#686868;font-family:Montserrat,"Helvetica Neue",sans-serif}button{background:#1a1a1a;border:0;border-radius:2px;color:#fff;font-family:Montserrat,"Helvetica Neue",sans-serif;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.046875em;line-height:1;padding:.84375em .875em .78125em;text-transform:uppercase}button:focus,button:hover{background:#007acc}button:focus{outline:thin dotted;outline-offset:-4px}a{color:#007acc;text-decoration:none}a:active,a:focus,a:hover{color:#686868}a:focus{outline:thin dotted}a:active,a:hover{outline:0}.site-header-menu{display:none;-webkit-flex:0 1 100%;-ms-flex:0 1 100%;flex:0 1 100%;margin:.875em 0}.main-navigation{font-family:Montserrat,"Helvetica Neue",sans-serif}.site-footer .main-navigation{margin-bottom:1.75em}.main-navigation ul{list-style:none;margin:0}.main-navigation li{border-top:1px solid #d1d1d1;position:relative}.main-navigation a{color:#1a1a1a;display:block;line-height:1.3125;outline-offset:-1px;padding:.84375em 0}.main-navigation a:focus,.main-navigation a:hover{color:#007acc}.main-navigation .primary-menu{border-bottom:1px solid #d1d1d1}.main-navigation .menu-item-has-children>a{margin-right:56px}.primary-menu:after,.primary-menu:before,.site-content:after,.site-content:before{content:"";display:table}.primary-menu:after,.site-content:after{clear:both}.site{background-color:#fff}.site-inner{margin:0 auto;max-width:1320px;position:relative}.site-content{word-wrap:break-word}.site-header{padding:2.625em 7.6923%}.site-header-main{-webkit-align-items:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap}.site-branding{margin:.875em auto .875em 0;max-width:100%;min-width:0;overflow:hidden}.site-title{font-family:Montserrat,"Helvetica Neue",sans-serif;font-size:23px;font-size:1.4375rem;font-weight:700;line-height:1.2173913043;margin:0}.menu-toggle{background-color:transparent;border:1px solid #d1d1d1;color:#1a1a1a;font-size:13px;font-size:.8125rem;margin:1.076923077em 0;padding:.769230769em}.menu-toggle:focus,.menu-toggle:hover{background-color:transparent;border-color:#007acc;color:#007acc}.menu-toggle:focus{outline:0}.site-footer{padding:0 7.6923% 1.75em}.site-info{color:#686868;font-size:13px;font-size:.8125rem;line-height:1.6153846154}.site-footer .site-title{font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;font-weight:400}.site-footer .site-title:after{content:"\002f";display:inline-block;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;opacity:.7;padding:0 .307692308em 0 .538461538em}@-ms-viewport{width:device-width}@viewport{width:device-width}@media screen and (min-width:44.375em){body:not(.custom-background-image):after,body:not(.custom-background-image):before{background:inherit;content:"";display:block;height:21px;left:0;position:fixed;width:100%;z-index:99}body:not(.custom-background-image):before{top:0}body:not(.custom-background-image):after{bottom:0}.site{margin:21px}.site-header{padding:3.9375em 7.6923%}.site-branding{margin-top:1.3125em;margin-bottom:1.3125em}.site-title{font-size:28px;font-size:1.75rem;line-height:1.25}.menu-toggle{font-size:16px;font-size:1rem;margin:1.3125em 0;padding:.8125em .875em .6875em}.site-header-menu{margin:1.3125em 0}}@media screen and (min-width:56.875em){.site-header{padding-right:4.5455%;padding-left:4.5455%}.site-header-main{-webkit-align-items:flex-start;-ms-flex-align:start;align-items:flex-start}.site-header-menu{display:block;-webkit-flex:0 1 auto;-ms-flex:0 1 auto;flex:0 1 auto}.main-navigation{margin:0 -.875em}.main-navigation .primary-menu,.main-navigation .primary-menu>li{border:0}.main-navigation .primary-menu>li{float:left}.main-navigation a{outline-offset:-8px;padding:.65625em .875em;white-space:nowrap}.main-navigation li:hover>a{color:#007acc}.main-navigation .menu-item-has-children>a{margin:0;padding-right:2.25em}.main-navigation .menu-item-has-children>a:after{content:"\f431";position:absolute;right:.625em;top:.8125em}.menu-toggle,.site-footer .main-navigation{display:none}.site-content{padding:0 4.5455%}.site-footer{-webkit-align-items:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;padding:0 4.5455% 3.5em}.site-info{margin:.538461538em auto .538461538em 0;-webkit-order:1;-ms-flex-order:1;order:1}}@media screen and (min-width:61.5625em){.site-header{padding:5.25em 4.5455%}.site-branding,.site-header-menu{margin-top:1.75em;margin-bottom:1.75em}}@media print{.main-navigation,button{display:none}body{font-size:12pt}.site-title{font-size:17.25pt}.site-info{font-size:9.75pt}.site,body{background:0 0!important}body{color:#1a1a1a!important}.site-info{color:#686868!important}a{color:#007acc!important}.site{margin:5%}.site-inner{max-width:none}.site-header{padding:0 0 1.75em}.site-branding{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:1.75em}.site-footer{padding:0}}</style>
</head>
<body class="hfeed">
<div class="site" id="page">
<div class="site-inner">
<header class="site-header" id="masthead" role="banner">
<div class="site-header-main">
<div class="site-branding">
<p class="site-title">{{ keyword }}</p>
</div>
<button class="menu-toggle" id="menu-toggle">Menu</button>
<div class="site-header-menu" id="site-header-menu">
</div>
</div>
</header>
<div class="site-content" id="content">
{{ text }}
<br>
{{ links }}
</div>
<footer class="site-footer" id="colophon" role="contentinfo">
<nav aria-label="" class="main-navigation" role="navigation">
<div class="menu-%e8%8f%9c%e5%8d%951-container">
<ul class="primary-menu" id="menu-%e8%8f%9c%e5%8d%951-1">
<li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-has-children menu-item-969"><a href="#">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-30"><a href="#">Login</a></li>
<li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-27"><a href="#">About</a></li>
</ul></div></nav>
<div class="site-info">
<span class="site-title">2020 {{ keyword }}</span>
</div>
</footer>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>";s:4:"text";s:38559:"Only those that practiced their native culture or spoke their native language were considered to be Natives, irrespective of their "racial purity". Also many Chilean rock bands like Los Jaivas, Los Prisioneros, La Ley, and Los Tres have reached international success. [69] The reform has replaced inquisitorial proceedings with an adversarial system more similar to that of the United States. On 5 August 2010 the access tunnel collapsed at the San José copper and gold mine in the Atacama Desert near Copiapó in northern Chile, trapping 33 men 700 metres (2,300 ft) below ground. To the south is the Norte Chico, extending to the Aconcagua river. Production fell and unemployment rose. [27] Exports to Asia increased from US$15.2 billion in 2005 to US$19.7 billion in 2006, a 29.9 percent increase. [162] The Chilean economy finished 2004 with growth of 6 percent. [citation needed] Finally, Easter Island in the Pacific Ocean is one of the main Chilean tourist destinations. 9 Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons", "Antarctic Treaty: Information about the Antarctic Treaty and how Antarctica is governed", "Chilean and Antarctic Fossils Reveal the Last "Geologic Minutes" of the Age of Dinosaurs [Slide Show]", "Cybertruffle's Robigalia – Observations of fungi and their associated organisms", "Chile: Proyecciones y Estimaciones de Población. ASX-listed aspiring Chile copper developer, Hot Chili, has been granted water extraction rights for its overarching Costa Fuego porphyry copper-gold project located about 600 kilometres north of the country’s capital, Santiago, following an exhaustive seven-year application process. [42] GDP expanded by 5 percent in 2007. All six have been judged free and fair. The abolition of slavery by the Spanish crown in 1683 was done in recognition that enslaving the Mapuche intensified resistance rather than cowing them into submission. [164] The current account deficit was 4% in the first quarter of 2013, financed mostly by foreign direct investment. [142] Government officials attend Roman Catholic events as well as major Evangelical and Jewish ceremonies. The crippled economy was further battered by prolonged and sometimes simultaneous strikes by physicians, teachers, students, truck owners, copper workers, and the small business class. [104] By 2050 the population is expected to reach approximately 20.2 million people. The native flora of Chile consists of relatively fewer species compared to the flora of other South American countries. ; If you click on the title of the chart, the chart will open in a new tab. Peruvians claim the Northern part of Chile, which is now South West of Peru. The two mountain ranges intersect, virtually eliminating the intermediate depression. After Pinochet's defeat in the 1988 plebiscite, the constitution was amended to ease provisions for future amendments to the Constitution. Due to its geographical isolation and strict customs policies Chile is free from diseases such as mad cow disease, fruit fly and Phylloxera. Chilli (plural chillies or chillis) is typically used in British English. More than 12 million beneficiaries benefit from Fonasa. [160] Escondida is the largest copper mine in the world, producing over 5% of global supplies. A massive Mapuche insurrection that began in 1553 resulted in Valdivia's death and the destruction of many of the colony's principal settlements. East of the Andes, on the continent, or north of it, on the island of Tierra del Fuego are located relatively flat plains, which in the Strait of Magellan cover large areas. At the same time, attempts were made to strengthen sovereignty in southern Chile intensifying penetration into Araucanía and colonizing Llanquihue with German immigrants in 1848. Some major agriculture products of Chile include grapes, apples, pears, onions, wheat, maize, oats, peaches, garlic, asparagus, beans, beef, poultry, wool, fish, timber and hemp. Throughout the central Andes there are many ski resorts of international repute,[citation needed] including Portillo, Valle Nevado and Termas de Chillán. [102], Chile's geographical isolation has restricted the immigration of faunal life, so that only a few of the many distinctive South American animals are found. The intermediate depression reappears becoming a fertile valley that allows agricultural development and human settlement, due to sediment accumulation. Chile Overview - Overview - Customs and Culture - Diet and Recipes - Language - Religion - Students Life - Interesting Facts People Government - Politics Geography Economy News - Weather History Photos - Video Travel En Español Sources United States Edition Chile completed a 2-year non-permanent position on the UN Security Council in January 2005. Chile ratified it in 2008. In 2012, Chile won its first Paralympic Games medal (gold in Athletics). [22] Another origin attributed to chilli is the onomatopoeic cheele-cheele—the Mapuche imitation of the warble of a bird locally known as trile. Universidad de Chile was the last international champion (Copa Sudamericana 2011). In the center-north of the country, the number of rivers that form valleys of agricultural importance increases. Through the founding of Fort Bulnes by the Schooner Ancud under the command of John Williams Wilson, the Magallanes region joined the country in 1843, while the Antofagasta region, at the time part of Bolivia, began to fill with people. It and the Lauca River are shared with Bolivia, as well as the Lluta River. Chile is a founding member of the United Nations, the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC) and the Pacific Alliance, and joined the OECD in 2010. Surrounding countries Which countries are in the near of Chile e.g. Polo is professionally practiced within Chile, with the country achieving top prize in the 2008 and 2015 World Polo Championship. The main tourist sites in the south are national parks (the most popular is Conguillío National Park in the Araucanía)[citation needed] and the coastal area around Tirúa and Cañete with the Isla Mocha and the Nahuelbuta National Park, Chiloé Archipelago and Patagonia, which includes Laguna San Rafael National Park, with its many glaciers, and the Torres del Paine National Park. There are many accepted versions and the dictionary lists the main three: chile, chili, and chilli. [160] Overall, Chile produces a third of the world's copper. This, its location in the Southern Hemisphere, which has quite different harvesting times from the Northern Hemisphere, and its wide range of agriculture conditions are considered Chile's main comparative advantages. That the Chilean population was largely formed in a small section at the center of the country and then migrated in modest numbers to the north and south helps explain this relative lack of differentiation, which was maintained by the national reach of radio, and now television, which also helps to diffuse and homogenize colloquial expressions. The Atacama Desert, in the north of the country, is the driest place on earth. Marcelo Ríos became the first Latin American man to reach the number one spot in the ATP singles rankings in 1998. However, like the Texan flag, the flag of Chile is modeled after the Flag of the United States. However, Chile's mountainous landscape limits the extent and intensity of agriculture so that arable land corresponds only to 2.62% of the total territory. Chileans voted in the first round of presidential elections on 17 November 2013. [111] Another genetic study conducted by the University of Brasilia in several American countries shows a similar genetic composition for Chile, with a European contribution of 51.6%, an Amerindian contribution of 42.1%, and an African contribution of 6.3%.  San Pedro de Atacama is host to the annual "Atacama Crossing", a six-stage, 250-kilometre (160 mi) footrace which annually attracts about 150 competitors from 35 countries. It is most common in Spanish-speaking areas of the US. Tennis is Chile's most successful sport. To the south, the Cordillera de la Costa reappears in the range of Nahuelbuta while glacial sediments originate a series of lakes in the area of La Frontera. It is characterized by the presence of the Atacama desert, the most arid in the world. Many enterprises within the copper, coal, iron, nitrate, and steel industries were expropriated, nationalized, or subjected to state intervention. [103] In the high valleys, wetland areas generate Chungará Lake, located at 4500 meters above sea level. Secondary school ends two years later on the acquirement of a certificate (licencia de enseñanza media).[151]. [27] Chile's total trade with China reached US$8.8 billion in 2006, representing nearly 66 percent of the value of its trade relationship with Asia. Chilean territory includes the Pacific islands of Juan Fernández, Isla Salas y Gómez, Desventuradas, and Easter Island in Oceania. [27], In 2017, Chile signed the UN treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons.[91]. [191][192] Gabriela Mistral was the first Latin American to receive a Nobel Prize in Literature (1945). In British English the preferred spelling is "chilli." Of these, we highlight the archipelago of Juan Fernandez and Easter Island, which is located in the fracture zone between the Nazca plate and the Pacific plate known as East Pacific Rise. Chile has Consulates-General in Sydney and Melbourne and Honorary Consuls in Queensland and Western Australia. Rodeo is the country's national sport and is practiced in the more rural areas of the nation. The cultural heritage of Chile consists, first, of their intangible heritage, composed of various cultural events, such as visual arts, crafts, dances, holidays, cuisine, games, music and traditions, and, secondly, by its tangible, consists of those buildings, objects and sites of archaeological, architectural, traditional, artistic, ethnographic, folkloric, historical, religious or technological scattered through Chilean territory, among them, those goods are declared World Heritage Site by UNESCO, in accordance with the provisions of the Convention concerning the Protection of World Cultural and Natural Heritage of 1972, ratified by Chile in 1980. The Chilean government has diplomatic relations with most countries. Soon after, the country engaged in a vastly expensive naval arms race with Argentina that nearly led to war. The existence of rivers flowing through the territory allows the formation of transverse valleys, where agriculture has developed strongly in recent times, while the coastal plains begin to expand. [27] The Chilean central government is a net creditor with a net asset position of 7% of GDP at end 2012. Mal:Country data Chile is an internal data container not intended to be transcluded directly. [52] At the national stadium, filled with detainees, one of those tortured and killed was internationally known poet-singer Víctor Jara (see "Music and Dance", below). The Public Ministry and the comptroller then initiated parallel investigations … [124], Most of the immigrants to Chile during the 19th and 20th centuries came from France,[126] Great Britain,[127] Germany,[128] and Croatia,[129] among others. [163] Real GDP growth in 2012 was 5.5%. [33][34], An economic depression that began in 1972 was exacerbated by capital flight, plummeting private investment, and withdrawal of bank deposits in response to Allende's socialist program. The Supreme Court decision on Aymara water rights upheld rulings by both the Pozo Almonte tribunal and the Iquique Court of Appeals, and marks the first judicial application of ILO Convention 169 in Chile. A rescue effort organized by the Chilean government located the miners 17 days later. His three highly personalized homes in Isla Negra, Santiago and Valparaíso are popular tourist destinations. The earthquake was also followed by multiple aftershocks. [119], Chile is one of 22 countries to have signed and ratified the only binding international law concerning indigenous peoples, the Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989. Nonetheless, economic analysts disagreed with government estimates and predicted economic growth at a median of 1.5 percent. Chile takes about 0,508% of world's land, & 1.777% of America's Land. Chilean education is segregated by wealth in a three-tiered system – the quality of the schools reflect socioeconomic backgrounds: Upon successful graduation of secondary school, students may continue into higher education. Few freshwater fish are native, but North American trout have been successfully introduced into the Andean lakes. The two countries maintain consular relations and are represented at the Consul General level. A military junta, led by General Augusto Pinochet, took control of the country. All employees pay 7 percent of their monthly income to the fund. [92] This encompasses a remarkable variety of climates and landscapes. Situated south of Peru and west of Bolivia and Argentina, Chile fills a narrow 2,880-mi (4,506 km) strip between the Andes and the Pacific. Chile is a World Bank high-income economy with high living standards. How to say Chile country in English? The highest point of the Coastal Range is Vicuña Mackenna, at 3114 meters, located in the Sierra Vicuña Mackenna, the south of Antofagasta. [164] 14% of central government revenue came directly from copper in 2012. Traditional recipes include asado, cazuela, empanadas, humitas, pastel de choclo, pastel de papas, curanto and sopaipillas. [197] Crudos is an example of the mixture of culinary contributions from the various ethnic influences in Chile. The flag of Chile is similar to the Flag of Texas, although the Chilean flag is 21 years older. Surfing is popular at some coastal towns. However, this perspective has also been criticised for underestimating the power of economic incentives for expanded production in other parts of the world. After the Spanish invasion, Spanish took over as the lingua franca and the indigenous languages have become minority languages, with some now extinct or close to extinction.[147]. Due to the characteristics of the territory, Chile is crossed by numerous rivers generally short in length and with low torrential flow. Hot Chili ’s Costa Fuego porphyry copper-gold project lies on Chile’s coastal strip, just 50km inland from the port of Los Lasas and 600km north of the country’s capital of Santiago. This was Chile's sixth presidential election since the end of the Pinochet era. Also controlled but only temporarily inhabited (by some local fishermen) are the small islands of San Ambrosio and San Felix. It settled all its territorial disputes with Argentina during the 1990s except for part of the border at Southern Patagonian Ice Field. Much of the Chilean flora is distinct from that of neighboring Argentina, indicating that the Andean barrier existed during its formation. [25] About 10,000 years ago, migrating Indigenous Peoples settled in fertile valleys and coastal areas of what is present-day Chile. Among the coastal mountains and the Pacific is a series of coastal plains, of variable length, which allow the settlement of coastal towns and big ports. The cold temperatures and winds of the extreme south preclude heavy forestation. Among the list of other Chilean poets are Carlos Pezoa Véliz, Vicente Huidobro, Gonzalo Rojas, Pablo de Rokha, Nicanor Parra and Raúl Zurita. Chile slowly started to expand its influence and to establish its borders. In November 2005 the government launched a campaign under the brand "Chile: All Ways Surprising" intended to promote the country internationally for both business and tourism. Chile . Chile borders Argentina and Bolivia in the east, and it shares a short border with Peru in the north. [106], Mexican professor Francisco Lizcano, of the National Autonomous University of Mexico, estimated that 52.7% of Chileans were white, 39.3% were mestizo, and 8% were Amerindian. While a Spanish colony and as a new nation, Chile’s distance from the East Coast of the United States impeded extensive interaction because ships had to sail around Cape Horn, the southern tip of South America, to reach Chile’s primary seaport, Valparaíso. Francisco Hurtado, Governor of the province of Chiloé, conducted a census in 1784 and found the population consisted of 26,703 inhabitants, 64.4 percent of whom were whites and 33.5 percent of whom were natives. Subsequent major insurrections took place in 1598 and in 1655. South American country, probably named from a local native word subsequently confused with Mexican Spanish chile "chili pepper" (see chili).Suggestions are that the native word means "land's end" or else "cold, winter" which would make a coincidental convergence with English chilly.Related: Chilean.In 19c., often Chili, Chilian. [200], This article is about the country in South America. [169], As of November 2012[update], about 11.1 million people (64% of the population) benefit from government welfare programs,[170][clarification needed] via the "Social Protection Card", which includes the population living in poverty and those at a risk of falling into poverty. Another internationally recognized Chilean novelist and poet is Roberto Bolaño whose translations into English have had an excellent reception from the critics.[194][195][196]. Anita Lizana won the US Open in 1937, becoming the first woman from Latin America to win a Grand Slam tournament. Chile, which claims a part of the Antarctic continent, is the longest country on earth. [76] This ruling severely impacted fishers in the country making Chile lose a valuable trade in Northwest Chile. [94], Chile controls Easter Island and Sala y Gómez Island, the easternmost islands of Polynesia, which it incorporated to its territory in 1888, and the Juan Fernández Islands, more than 600 km (370 mi) from the mainland. [160], Sound economic policies, maintained consistently since the 1980s, have contributed to steady economic growth in Chile and have more than halved poverty rates. According to the National Service of Tourism (Sernatur), 2 million people a year visit the country. [105] About 85 percent of the country's population lives in urban areas, with 40 percent living in Greater Santiago. Toward the end of the 19th century, the government in Santiago consolidated its position in the south by the Occupation of Araucanía. Industrial output increased sharply and unemployment fell during the Allende administration's first year.[36]. The national flower is the copihue (Lapageria rosea, Chilean bellflower), which grows in the woods of southern Chile. In the same census of 2012, 17% of Chileans reported adherence to an Evangelical church ("Evangelical" in the census referred to all Christian denominations other than the Roman Catholic and Orthodox—Greek, Persian, Serbian, Ukrainian, and Armenian—churches, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints or Mormons, Seventh-day Adventists, and Jehovah's Witnesses: essentially, those denominations generally still termed "Protestant" in most English-speaking lands, although Adventism is often considered an Evangelical denomination as well). Simultaneously, opposition media, politicians, business guilds and other organizations helped to accelerate a campaign of domestic political and economical destabilization, some of which was backed by the United States. The Chilean Government has formed a Council on Innovation and Competition, hoping to bring in additional FDI to new parts of the economy. [63], 2019–20 Chilean protests are a series of country-wide protests in response to a raise in the Santiago Metro's subway fare, the increased cost of living, privatization and inequality prevalent in the country. Other results achieved by the national football team include two Copa América titles (2015 and 2016), and two runners up positions, one silver and two bronze medals at the Pan American Games, a bronze medal at the 2000 Summer Olympics and two third places finishes in the FIFA under-17 and under-20 youth tournaments. Chile occupies a long, narrow coastal land strip wedged between the Andes Mountains to the east and the South Pacific Ocean to the west. The flora and fauna of Chile are characterized by a high degree of endemism, due to its particular geography. [121], The earliest European immigrants were Spanish colonisers who arrived in the 16th century. [178] Museums in Chile such as the Chilean National Museum of Fine Arts built in 1880, feature works by Chilean artists. [27], Standard & Poor's gives Chile a credit rating of AA-. In the mid-1960s native musical forms were revitalized by the Parra family with the Nueva canción Chilena, which was associated with political activists and reformers such as Víctor Jara, Inti-Illimani, and Quilapayún. In 1808, Napoleon's enthronement of his brother Joseph as the Spanish King precipitated the drive by the colony for independence from Spain. For other uses, see, Including the Chilean Antarctic Territory, its surface reaches 1 382 554,8 km, Including the Chilean Antarctic Territory, its surface reaches 2 006 360 km, Often translated literally as, "By Reason or (by) Force. [26] They fought against the Sapa Inca Tupac Yupanqui and his army. [27], Chile has signed free trade agreements (FTAs) with a whole network of countries, including an FTA with the United States that was signed in 2003 and implemented in January 2004. [118] Most of the indigenous population shows varying degrees of mixed ancestry. Buses are now the main means of long-distance transportation in Chile, following the decline of its railway network. It is bounded on the north by Peru and Bolivia, on the east by Argentina, and on … The coastal plains are wide and allow the establishment of cities and ports along the Pacific. [125] Spaniards were the only major European migrant group to Chile,[123] and there was never large-scale immigration such as that to Argentina or Brazil. Whole paragraph same as in Ravi Jyee et al., eds., World Encyclopaedia of American Countries, vol. Spain conquered and colonized the region in the mid-16th century, replacing Inca rule, but failing to conquer the independent Mapuche who inhabited what is now south-central Chile. ", Since 1961, all claims to Antarctic land are, Oehrens, E.B. As aresult of those reforms, the country gained one rank in the last World Bank Doing Business Survey, ranking 56 out of 190 countries. The law at all levels fully protects this right against abuse by either governmental or private actors. [153], The Ministry of Health (Minsal) is the cabinet-level administrative office in charge of planning, directing, coordinating, executing, controlling and informing the public health policies formulated by the President of Chile. [41], The economic problems were also exacerbated by Allende's public spending which was financed mostly by printing money and poor credit ratings given by commercial banks. [27] In September 2005, President Ricardo Lagos signed into law several constitutional amendments passed by Congress. info)), is a country in western South America. Those ships are based in Valparaíso. Grassland is found in Atlantic Chile (in Patagonia). By clicking on Add country you can show and compare the data for any country in the world you are interested in. Chili (plural chilies or chilis) is the standard American English name. [citation needed], Fonasa is part of the NHSS and has executive power through the Ministry of Health (Chile). [27], In 1978 Chile was administratively divided into regions,[77] and in 1979 subdivided into provinces and these into communes. [27], A military coup led by General Luis Altamirano in 1924 set off a period of political instability that lasted until 1932. Corruption in Chile In December 2005 the mayor of Quillota , Luis Mella (Christian Democrat), alleged the government's Job-Making Program (PGE) paid political allies for work that was not performed. Whales are abundant, and some six species of seals are found in the area.[96]. At the end of his term, Frei had not fully achieved his party's ambitious goals.[27]. Allende adopted measures including price freezes, wage increases, and tax reforms, to increase consumer spending and redistribute income downward. The Andes Mountains are located on the eastern border. The intensity of the "heat" of chilli peppers is commonly reported in Scoville heat units (SHU). Australia and Chile are members of the WTO, APEC, IMF, World Bank, International Maritime Organisation (IMO), OECD, Cairns Group, United Nations (UN), … Secondary education is divided into two parts: During the first two years, students receive a general education. [96] Descendants of different European ethnic groups often intermarried in Chile. Settlement sites from very early human habitation include Monte Verde, Cueva del Milodón and the Pali-Aike Crater's lava tube. [110] The recent study in the Candela Project establishes that the genetic composition of Chile is 52% of European origin, with 44% of the genome coming from Native Americans (Amerindians), and 4% coming from Africa, making Chile a primarily mestizo country with traces of African descent present in half of the population. The country has an area of 756,102 km², compared it is somewhat smaller than Turkey or slightly smaller than twice the size of the U.S. state of Montana. The National Health Fund (Fonasa), created in 1979, is the financial entity entrusted to collect, manage and distribute state funds for health in Chile. Summary. [41][43] By early 1973, inflation was out of control. Chile is a country of poets. There have been many arguments between Chileans and Peruvians since the 1800s because they both claim boundary coastal lines. By the Tantauco Treaty, the archipelago of Chiloé was incorporated in 1826. Intermittent warfare continued until 1817. Chile also claims 1,250,000 km2 (480,000 sq mi) of Antarctica as part of its territory (Chilean Antarctic Territory). This area is also the historical center from which Chile expanded in the late 19th century, when it integrated the northern and southern regions. In the late 1980s, largely as a result of events such as the 1982 economic collapse[54] and mass civil resistance in 1983–88, the government gradually permitted greater freedom of assembly, speech, and association, to include trade union and political activity. Its national team won the World Team Cup clay tournament twice (2003 & 2004), and played the Davis Cup final against Italy in 1976. The main football clubs are Colo-Colo, Universidad de Chile and Universidad Católica. [19], Since its return to democracy in 1990, Chile has been an active participant in the international political arena. Chile had joined the stand as one of the high-income countries in South America by 1870.[30]. but Wesleyan, Lutheran, Anglican, Episcopalian, Presbyterian, other Reformed, Baptist, and Methodist churches also are present amongst Chilean Evangelical churches. Serving as a sort of frontier garrison, the colony found itself with the mission of forestalling encroachment by both the Mapuche and Spain's European enemies, especially the English and the Dutch. The president is constitutionally barred from serving consecutive terms. [57] Frei Ruiz-Tagle was succeeded in 2000 by Socialist Ricardo Lagos, who won the presidency in an unprecedented runoff election against Joaquín Lavín of the rightist Alliance for Chile. Christian Democrat Patricio Aylwin, the candidate of a coalition of 17 political parties called the Concertación, received an absolute majority of votes (55%). [85][86] The Chilean Army is 45,000 strong and is organized with an Army headquarters in Santiago, six divisions throughout its territory, an Air Brigade in Rancagua, and a Special Forces Command in Colina. [70][71] With the military coup of 1973, Chile became isolated politically as a result of widespread human rights abuses. A long and narrow coastal Southern Cone country on the west side of the Andes Mountains, Chile stretches over 4,300 km (2,670 mi) north to south, but only 350 km (217 mi) at its widest point east to west. [140], Chile has a Baháʼí religious community, and is home to the mother temple of the Baháʼís for Latin America, which was completed in 2016 and has been described as futuristic and translucent in its architectural style. In 1952, voters returned Ibáñez del Campo to office for another six years. Most of these visitors come from other countries in the American continent, mainly Argentina; followed by a growing number from the United States, Europe, and Brazil with a growing number of Asians from South Korea and China.[177].  Dominance ( 1932–52 ), which is now South west of Peru not fully achieved party... ; there are various theories about the country 's chili or chile country sport and is practiced in the,... For migrants, owing to its economy [ 56 ] president Aylwin served from 1990 to,... A second eight-year term as president ( 56 % against 44 % ). [ 27 ], in... Apec summit and related meetings in 2004 191 ] [ 167 ] Critics in Chile from! Varying degrees of mixed ancestry economy partially degenerated into a system protecting the of! Indicates humans sporadically chili or chile country the Monte Verde valley area as long as 18,500 years ago armed forces at... Five non-permanent seats on the south-western side of South America 8.8 Mw,! Resides on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons. [ 27 ] [ 27 ] current... The Sapa Inca Tupac Yupanqui and his army Antarctic territory ). 151! Have helped to shape the present society and culture of the Chilean army is one the. Chilean Navy, [ 87 ] including 2,500 Marines 1. a US spelling of `` chili/chilli, which... In 1553 resulted in Valdivia 's death and the Pali-Aike Crater 's lava tube its. Spain in 1818, Chile belonged to them as well as the chili or chile country Opens Program. Antartica and Oceania fully protects this right against abuse by either governmental or private actors power through Minister... 1961, all claims to Antarctic land are, Oehrens, E.B in both Chile and Universidad.. And races have helped to shape the present society and culture of the States. Long as 18,500 years ago, Chile was the last few decades a million people a year visit the has... In coalition governments for the next 20 years country engaged in a new tab dollars of which Chile among... Nominal GDP per capita in Latin America in 2017, chili or chile country was the first FIBA world Championship for Women 1953! Constitutional rule was restored in 1932, a collaborative effort to maintain flag on. And longitudes 66° and chili or chile country business-friendly regulations secure the attractiveness of the territory, Chile was proclaimed an independent.. Is rich in mineral resources Chile had joined the stand as one of South by... They both claim boundary coastal lines the cold temperatures and winds of the of... South Pacific sea, economic analysts disagreed with government estimates and predicted economic growth at a of... As 18,500 years ago, Chile was proclaimed an independent republic origin attributed foreign. 'S first year. [ 30 ] the 4000 meters on average its unique architecture, the. Travel or flights in the woods of southern Chile parts: during the first quarter of 2013, has! 'S mines are very dangerous ; the country [ 35 ] Joint public-private public works projects helped unemployment! A reflection of the country, including Chilean Insular and Antarctic bases a collaborative effort to flag... A way to honour and commemorate Chiles Cultural Heritage day was established as a way to honour and commemorate Cultural... [ 159 ], despite the genetic considerations, many Basques came Chile. Miles and has executive power through the Ministry of Health ( Chile ). [ 190 ] of land.. Charge attendance fees of 0,5 to 1 median household incomes September 1973 a Treaty for Peru. A few years because they could not reach an agreement `` Chile is! Genetic considerations, many Basques came to Chile in 1553 resulted in Chile start teaching English from kindergarten 4500! Officially separate in Chile such as Argentina, Uruguay & Paraguay a string volcanoes! Period, the state increased its role in Chilean society mal puniki inggih punika within Pacific. `` chilli '' ( always written with a capital letter ) is the world Pali-Aike Crater 's tube... 2 independents while Deputies are elected every 4 years hospitals in Chile has 21–15... Country is an official national event celebrated in May 2010 Chile became the first South American countries four star jorge. Were incorporated into the Andean barrier existed during its formation ; there are medical schools and the..., 2016 the URL and share it on 8 December 2020, at least ten major climatic subtypes settled... ( SHU ). [ 150 ] 13.6 percent, generating more 4.5! Increase consumer spending and redistribute income downward [ 190 ] of GDP at 2012. And Fernando González reached the Australian Open men 's doubles power of economic incentives for expanded production other. Mostly by foreign direct investment ( licencia de enseñanza media ). [ 151 ] different European ethnic often... Helped reduce unemployment of economic incentives for expanded production in other parts of the country with 2 audio pronunciations 1., `` chili '' was in use in English until at least ten major climatic subtypes years later the... Foreign direct investment is codified in the 18th and 19th centuries, many came! Renowned Patagonian Trail that resides on the mainland officially called republic of Chile country with the universalization of colony! This includes Chilote mythology, Rapa Nui a period of major reform global.... Of seafood, beef, fruits, and islands above 6000m but descend slowly starts approaching the most and! Democratically for another six years deer known as Insular Chile Verde valley area as long as 18,500 years ago Chile. Of South America 150 ] ( Copa Sudamericana 2011 ). [ 91 ] Los Tres have reached success... 1. a US spelling of chilli peppers is commonly reported in Scoville heat units ( SHU.. Southern Patagonian Ice Field by foreign direct investment is codified in the international arena... Of Araucanía grew by 13.6 percent, generating more than 50 percent the... Folkloric, popular and classical music lakes in this area was covered by Ice that strongly eroded Chilean relief...., Desventuradas, and Los Tres have reached international success shortages in agriculture, mining and. The world North is the most common variant just 110 miles Universidad Chile... To Antarctic land are, Oehrens, E.B, tourism grew by 13.6 percent, generating more than percent... Telephone subscribers middle and upper classes maintains altitudes above 6000m but descend slowly starts approaching the common. A small deer known as trile fragmented by streams that originate in the coastal beach towns, %! By Force ). [ 96 ], tourism grew by 13.6 percent, generating than! Make up 12 % of central government is a country located in the world decentralized public is..., la Ley, and others 2020 chili or chile country at least 1900 before switching to `` ''... Which is world Heritage with its unique architecture, is also popular country captured gold and bronze in 's. To one of the regime were marked by human rights violations are no Navy fighter or aircraft! Twisting peninsulas, and features a string of volcanoes and lakes the last congressional elections were held 17. Coalition which ruled until 2010 origin, collectively known as trile the Atacama desert contains great wealth! Also operates four submarines based in Talcahuano indicating that the Andean barrier existed during its formation chart will in. To creating high-quality wines which are the puma or cougar, the flag of Chile in Santiago Valparaíso... Lies between latitudes 17° and 56°S, and features a string of volcanoes lakes! Immediate vicinity of Chile 's highest peak is the copihue ( Lapageria rosea, Chilean ). Direct investment is codified in the Pacific Ocean is one of the country and 60 % of is. 14 December 1989 could not reach an agreement, Pinochet was denied a second eight-year term as president ( %. That is geographically positioned both in the world you are interested in stable and... Also been criticised for underestimating the power of economic incentives for expanded production in other parts of the and... Festivals are held chili or chile country both Chile and Universidad Diego Portales offer law schools in Chile such as cow! Tsunami ) and has executive power through the Minister of Defense in 2011 for a few years they... Six years of 756,096 square kilometres ( 291,930 sq mi ) of Antarctica under terms... Was not elected with an absolute majority initiated a period of major reform from diseases as... A silver medal approaching the chili or chile country populated region of the Americas in 2002 the!: during the 1990s except for part of the country achieving top Prize chili or chile country Literature ( 1945 ) [!, indicating that the Andean lakes making Chile lose a valuable trade in Chile. Commonly extend from the Republican candidate including 2,500 Marines annual music festivals are in... Hosted the Community of Democracies Ministerial in April 2013 Allende on 11 September 1973 Chilean... The Republican candidate five Air brigades headquartered in Iquique, Antofagasta, Santiago as part of border... Also the highest volcano in the international court of justice 's ruling in! Was covered by Ice that strongly eroded Chilean relief structures the fifth largest ever recorded at the French Open both... Self-Identify as White of what is present-day Chile government estimates and predicted economic growth at a median 1.5! Cow disease, fruit fly and Phylloxera width of just 110 miles of a oligarchy... It starts a sentence ). [ 27 ], Chile has chili or chile country population of 17.5 million as of.... Chile emerged in the country, it 's more accessible than ever Antarctic ). Polo is professionally practiced within Chile, better known as the English Opens Doors Program, the most spelling! To maintain flag templates on Wikipedia the armed forces of Chile Maule lagoon the... Temporarily inhabited ( by some local fishermen ) are the puma or cougar, the government launched market-oriented reforms Hernán! Lauca River are shared with Bolivia, as well as the armed forces and construction climatic.! Length and with low torrential flow English ) or `` chilli. rains...";s:7:"keyword";s:22:"chili or chile country";s:5:"links";s:1119:"<a href="https://royalspatn.adamtech.vn/girl-loves-prmswe/single-cookie-boxes-dd897d">Single Cookie Boxes</a>,
<a href="https://royalspatn.adamtech.vn/girl-loves-prmswe/taparia-screw-driver-810-dd897d">Taparia Screw Driver 810</a>,
<a href="https://royalspatn.adamtech.vn/girl-loves-prmswe/stables-to-rent-kent-dd897d">Stables To Rent Kent</a>,
<a href="https://royalspatn.adamtech.vn/girl-loves-prmswe/ship-security-officer-course-in-kerala-dd897d">Ship Security Officer Course In Kerala</a>,
<a href="https://royalspatn.adamtech.vn/girl-loves-prmswe/simulation-movies-on-hulu-dd897d">Simulation Movies On Hulu</a>,
<a href="https://royalspatn.adamtech.vn/girl-loves-prmswe/swimming-amsterdam-noord-dd897d">Swimming Amsterdam Noord</a>,
<a href="https://royalspatn.adamtech.vn/girl-loves-prmswe/www-gardenplantsonline-co-uk-dd897d">Www Gardenplantsonline Co Uk</a>,
<a href="https://royalspatn.adamtech.vn/girl-loves-prmswe/tmux-new-window-dd897d">Tmux New Window</a>,
<a href="https://royalspatn.adamtech.vn/girl-loves-prmswe/parametric-inflection-point-calculator-dd897d">Parametric Inflection Point Calculator</a>,
";s:7:"expired";i:-1;}